ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives@#Galectin-3 promotes fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and facilitates injury repair. Previous studies have shown that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSC-ex) promote the differentiation of myocardial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts under inflammatory environment. Whether hucMSC-ex derived Galectin-3 (hucMSC-ex-Galectin-3) plays an important role in fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation is the focus of this study. @*Methods@#and Results: Galectin-3 was knocked-down by siRNA in hucMSCs, and then exosomes were extracted. Fibroblasts were treated with LPS, LPS＋hucMSC-ex, LPS＋negative control-siRNA-ex (NC-ex), or LPS＋ Galectin-3-siRNA-ex (si-ex) in vitro. The coronary artery of the left anterior descending (LAD) branch was permanently ligated, followed by intramyocardial injection with phosphate buffered saline(PBS), hucMSC-ex, hucMSC-NC-ex, or hucMSC-si-ex in vivo. Western blot, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of markers related to fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and inflammatory factors. Migration and contraction functions of fibroblasts were evaluated using Transwell migration and collagen contraction assays, respectively. β-catenin expression was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. The results showed that hucMSC-ex increased the protein expression of myofibroblast markers, anti-inflammatory factors, and β-catenin. HucMSC-ex also reduced the migration and promoted the contractility of fibroblasts. However, hucMSC-si-ex did not show these activities. @*Conclusions@#HucMSC-ex-Galectin-3 promoted the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in an inflammatory environment, which was associated with increased β-catenin levels.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives@#Galectin-3 promotes fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and facilitates injury repair. Previous studies have shown that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSC-ex) promote the differentiation of myocardial fibroblasts into myofibroblasts under inflammatory environment. Whether hucMSC-ex derived Galectin-3 (hucMSC-ex-Galectin-3) plays an important role in fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation is the focus of this study. @*Methods@#and Results: Galectin-3 was knocked-down by siRNA in hucMSCs, and then exosomes were extracted. Fibroblasts were treated with LPS, LPS＋hucMSC-ex, LPS＋negative control-siRNA-ex (NC-ex), or LPS＋ Galectin-3-siRNA-ex (si-ex) in vitro. The coronary artery of the left anterior descending (LAD) branch was permanently ligated, followed by intramyocardial injection with phosphate buffered saline(PBS), hucMSC-ex, hucMSC-NC-ex, or hucMSC-si-ex in vivo. Western blot, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of markers related to fibroblast-to-myofibroblast differentiation and inflammatory factors. Migration and contraction functions of fibroblasts were evaluated using Transwell migration and collagen contraction assays, respectively. β-catenin expression was detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. The results showed that hucMSC-ex increased the protein expression of myofibroblast markers, anti-inflammatory factors, and β-catenin. HucMSC-ex also reduced the migration and promoted the contractility of fibroblasts. However, hucMSC-si-ex did not show these activities. @*Conclusions@#HucMSC-ex-Galectin-3 promoted the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in an inflammatory environment, which was associated with increased β-catenin levels.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore and annalize the characteristics of Cao Yongqing's prescription characteristics and medication rules for treating constipation. Methods:To collect the TCM prescription by Professor Cao Yongqing for treating constipation from Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2017. The Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (V2.5) was used to analyze the treatment frequency, taste, decoction pieces combination and decoction pieces association. By using entropy clustering rules to analyze the main combination and clustering rules of new combined prescriptions. Results:A total of 561 prescriptions were included, involving 113 kinds of pieces. The top 5 picecs with high frequency were Zhishi, Houpo, Dangshen, Fuling and Chuanlianzi in order of frequency, and the meridians were mainly spleen meridians, stomach meridians and liver meridians. There were 25 combined pieces with high-frequency, and the top 3 were Zhishi and Laifuzi and Houpo, Zhishi and Houpo and Chuanlianzi, as well as Zhishi and Laifuzi and Houpo and Chuanlianzi. There were 18 core combinations and 9 new prescriptions, including 4 prescriptions (44.4%) for promoting qi, such as prescriptions composed of Qingpi, Quangualou, Chenpi, Houpo, Laifuzi, Shengma, Zhishi and Chuanlianzi; 2 prescriptions for invigorating the spleen and eliminating dampness (22.2%), such as prescriptions composed of Fuling, Shengdihuang, Foshou, Jinyinhua, Dangshen and Baizhu; 2 prescriptions (22.2%) for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, such as Danshen, Guanghuoxiang, Moyao and Danggui, one prescription (11.1%) for nourishing yin and qi was composed of Shihu, Shouwuteng, Huangqi, Fuling and Foshou. Conclusions:Regulating spleen and stomach, regulating qi and eliminating dampness, and promoting blood circulation are the main ideas of Professor Cao Yongqing in treating constipation.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The energy consumption process of cochlea and neural signal transduction along the auditory pathway are highly dependent on blood oxygen supply. At present, it is under debate on whether the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) would affect the auditory function since the patients suffer from low oxygen saturation. Moreover, it is difficult to detect the functional state of auditory in less severe stage of OSAS. Recently, speech-evoked auditory brainstem response (speech-ABR) has been reported to be a new electrophysiological tool in characterizing the auditory dysfunction. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the auditory processes in adult patients with mild and moderate OSAS by speech-ABR. METHODS: An experimental group of 31 patients with mild to moderate OSAS, and a control group without OSAS diagnosed by apnea hypopnea index in polysomnogram were recruited. All participants underwent otologic examinations and tests of pure-tone audiogram, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, click-evoked auditory brainstem response (click-ABR) and speech-ABR, respectively. RESULTS: The results of pure-tone audiogram, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and click-ABR in OSAS group showed no significant differences compared with the control group (P>0.05). Speech-ABRs for OSAS participants and controls showed similar morphological waveforms and typical peak structures. There were significant group differences for the onset and offset transient peaks (P < 0.05), where OSAS group had longer latencies for peak V (6.69± 0.33 ms vs. 6.39±0.23 ms), peak C (13.48±0.30 ms vs. 13.31±0.23 ms), and peak O (48.27±0.39 ms vs. 47.60± 0.40 ms) compared to the control group. The latency of these peaks showed significant correlations with apnea hypopnea index for peak V (r=0.37, P=0.040), peak C (r=0.36, P=0.045), as well as peak O (r=0.55, P=0.001). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that some auditory dysfunctions may be present in patients with mild and moderate OSAS, and the damages were aggravated with the severity of OSAS, which suggests that speech-ABR may be a potential biomarker in the diagnosis and evaluation at early stage of OSAS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Hypoxia , Apnea , Auditory Pathways , Cochlea , Diagnosis , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Oxygen , Polysomnography , Signal Transduction , Sleep Apnea, ObstructiveABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) stimulated by platelets in vitro on the metastasis of cancer cells.Methods The BM-MSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro and platelets from the peripheral blood of healthy persons were purified.The MSCs (control),platelets + MSCs,and platelets treated with culture media (CM) of SGC-7901 tumor cells + MSCs (T-platelets + MSCs) were cultured,respectively,and the MSCs and supernatants (MSCs-CM and SGC-7901-CM) were collected,respectively,after 24 hours.The expressions of markers of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF),such as α-SMA and Vimentin,were determined by Western-blotting.The immigration ability of BM-MSCs were analyzed by Transwell assay.The levels of P-selectin in platelets stimulated by MSCs-CM or SGC-7901-CM were detected with flow cytometry.The metastasis model of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells was established in BALB/c nude mice by the injection of tail vein,and the tumor metastasis in vivo was observed.Results The expression levels of P-selectin in platelets stimulated by MSCs-CM ([21.37 ± 1.00] ％) or SGC-7901-CM ([31.4 ± 1.71] ％ were significantly higher than that in the control ([3.17 ± 0.40] ％,t =27.85 and 29.18,P ＜ 0.01).The expression levels of α-SMA and Vimentin in platelets + MSCs group (0.79 ± 0.08 and 0.88 ± 0.01) and T-platelets + MSCs group (0.90 ±0.06 and 0.96 ±0.04) were significantly higher than that in the control (0.64 ±0.02 and 0.75 ±0.05,t =2.96 and 6.45 forα-SMA,t =4.73 and 5.73 for Vimentin,P ＜0.01).The amounts of immigration cells in platelets + MSCs group (340.3 ±27.7) and T-platelets ± MSCs group (424.3 ± 17.6) were significantly higher than that in the control (220.7 ± 19.4,t =6.14 and 13.48,P ＜ 0.01).The in vivo experimental results showed that the metastatic foci in platelets ± MSCs group (4 ± 2) and T-platelets ± MSCs group (21 ± 4) were significantly higher than that in the control (0.33 ± 0.06,t =3.051 and 8.857,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Platelets promote the immigration and the enhanced tumor metastasis in vivo of BM-MSCs.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the effects of community-based intervention on improving early detection of individuals with high risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to explore the interventional mechanism of prevention and treatment in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Total of 139 344 residents of the Second Chinese Medicine Hospi-tal of Guangdong Province Hospital Community were detected per year.Individuals with high risk nasopharyngeal car-cinoma or nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were divided into intervention group(69 616 cases) and control group (69 728 cases) according to the random number table.The two groups were given conventional treatment (radiothera-py,chemotherapy and surgery treatment) after diagnosed.The intervention group was interfered with long -term prevention,health care,medical care,rehabilitation,health education and psychological intervention by full-time phy-sician,while the control group was only treated by general education intervention.The awareness of early symptoms and the risk factor of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were analyzed.Additionally,the behavior,knowledge and attitude on nasopharyngeal carcinoma were detected before and after the intervention.Results Community-based intervention significantly improved the rate of early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma high-risk individuals ( 75.31% vs. 44.37%,χ2 =5.32,P<0.01) .The awareness rates of major symptoms and the damage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma were 89.34%and 91.78%in the intervention group.In the control group,the rates were 42.17%and 28.47%.The differences of the two groups were significant(P<0.05).Additionally,the awareness of diagnosis standard and good habits were improved significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group(P<0.01).Our results showed that intervention changed the attitude and understanding of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and improved the quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Conclusion Intervention increased the early diagnostic rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and promoted the quality of life of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the ways of quantitative and objective evaluation for analyzing the multiple influence factors on middle ear function in the patients with primarily diagnosed NPC, and to analyze the influence factors of middle ear function in the patients with primarily diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).@*METHOD@#Three hundred and twenty cases (320 ears) of primarily diagnosed NPC patients were examinated with electric otoscope, acoustic immittance measurement, pure tone audiometry, nasopharynx and middle ear CT or MRI scanning, eustachian tube function examination, and electronic nasopharyngoscope. A series of quantitative methods, as the influence factors including T stage, clinical stage, location, diffusion type and form of tumor, eustachian tube function, pharynx mouth shape, imaging extension (nasal, skull base, pharyngeal recess, parapharyngeal space, tensor veli palatini muscle, levator veli palatini and so on), were used to evaluate the middle ear function. SPSS 13.0 was used to anlyze the single and multiple factors in statistics.@*RESULT@#T stage, clinical stage, location, diffusion type, and form of tumor, pharynx mouth shape, imaging extension (nasal, skull base, pharyngeal recess, parapharyngeal space, tensor veli palatini muscle, levator veli palatini) were the single influence factors on the function of middle ear in primarily diagnosed NPC patients. The gender, age, pathological types, N staging and M staging of NPC patients primarily diagnosed had no effect on middle ear function. The multple factors analysis showed that T stage, tumor location, the function of eustachian tube, tensor veli palatini muscle invasion, and skull base invasion were independent factor of affecting the middle ear function on primarily diagnosed NPC patients.@*CONCLUSION@#In this study, the influence factors of middle ear function with primarily diagnosed NPC were related to T stage, location of tumor, the function of eustachian tube, tensor veli palatini muscle invasion, skull base invasion, otitis media and quantitative criteria. The way of quantitative analysis could be used to evaluate objectively the middle ear function in patients with primarily diagnosed NPC.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Carcinoma , Ear, Middle , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms , DiagnosisABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the influence of hypoxia-reoxygenation on the myocardin gene expression of cultured rats' vascular smooth muscle cells(SMC).Methods The SMC were isolated from the media of the thoracic aorta vessel of Sprague-Dawley rats,and cultured with attachment-block manner.The morphology and cell counting of the cultured cells under hypoxia conditions were observed and comparedto that under normal culture condition.Total RNA extracted from the cultured cells,the expression of myocardin mRNA in SMC were measured at hypoxia status and at various time after reoxygenation through RT-PCR.Results The rats' vessel SMC was successfully cultured and showed a "peak-valley" shape.Self-made hypoxia equipment can produce a lower oxygen partial pressure without significant variation of pH value which met the experiment requirements in 2 4 hours .However,in the hypoxia conditions,the expression level of myocardin was lowest at the 12th hours,then increased.After 24 hours of hypoxia,the expression levels of myocardin began to increase at the 6th hour of reoxygenation and reached a normal level at the 12th hour of reoxygenation.Conclusions Hypoxia-reoxygenation has an effect on the expression of myodardin gene.
ABSTRACT
Objective To compare the peak latency(PL) and amplitude(Amp) of P_ 300 evoked by image,photo and chinese character stimulations in normal young people.Methods The PL and Amp of P_ 300 evoked by image,photo and chinese character stimulations were recorded respectively in 32 normal young people.Results There was a very remarkable difference of PL between the chinese character stimulation and the other two ways( P
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the change of P 300 in patients with acute puffer poisoning.Methods With medicid-03E brain evoked potential instrument of Neuronic Company. the latency and the amplitude of P 300 evoked by visual (image) and audio stimulation were measured in 21 patients with acute puffer poisoning, these patients were compared with 30 normal subjects and compared with the P 300 during different condition of poisoning.Results The latency of P 300 evoked by visual (image) and audio stimulation in patient group was significantly prolonged as compared with the control group (P
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the value of P 300 in judging the true and false coma in patients with closed craniocerebral trauma. Methods The latency and amplitude of abnormal P 300 evoked by visual (image) stimulation were compared and analyzed between 237 cases with closed craniocerebral trauma.which were divided into coma,non coma,false coma and noclear group.Results There was very remarkable diffe rence in the latency and amplitude of P 300 between coma group and non coma group ( P 0 05). There was remarkable difference between the cases whose coma histories were unclear and non coma ( P
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate changes of the visual P300 topography mapping in patients with closed craniocerebral trauma.Methods The visual P300 topography mapping was recorded from 103 patients with closed craniocerebral trauma and 66 normal subjects with a medicide-03E brain evoked potential instrument. Results The P300 latency in patient group was significantly prolonged as compared with the control group ( P